Original post from Bryan at The WITNESS Blog

Last week, our friends at the Participatory Culture Foundation put out a beta release of Universal Subtitles, an online tool that allows people to add subtitles to any video on the web.

Although it’s still in beta, Universal Subtitles looks really promising as it’s designed to work with videos already on the web. This means you can pull a video from Youtube or Blip.tv and add your own subtitle track. Once the first set of subtitles is complete you can add translations or ask others to submit a translation.

Universal Subtitles has one of the slicker interfaces I’ve seen for transcribing audio. It’s a three step process in which you 1) type in the transcription, 2) set the timing using a “guitar hero” style interface, and 3) review and share the subtitled video via embedding or social networks.

The tool is well laid out and easy to use, each step has a video tutorial which walks you through the process, not that it’s needed since everything is pretty intuitive. I tested it out on the first 25 seconds of one our videos, and it took about 5 minutes to go through the three stages.

One potential drawback is that the Universal Subtitles player uses Javascript to generate the embed code which can get messed up on some wysiwyg editors, including the one used to edit this blog. Overall it looks like a great tool that will make it much easier for people to translate videos. I’m looking forward to seeing what else the people at Universal Subtitles come up with. Some of the features in the pipeline include:

• Ability to link multiple URLs to a video
• Discussion spaces on every video and translation (‘talk’ pages)
• Support on all modern web browsers
• Caption -> subtitle conversion / options
• Support for non-latin character sets
• Machine translation option once subtitles have been transcribed
• Keyboard accessbility for site and widget
• Support for translating the interface of the subtitling tool and website
• Subtitle ratings and flagging
• Messaging among Universal Subtitles users
• HTML5 embedding code that includes flash fallback options
• Compliance with emerging timed text standards
• Additional import / export subtitle formats

***UPDATE***

I spoke to Dean Jansen from Open Subtitles and learned that they’re working on a WordPress plugin which will hopefully fix the embed situation with their player.

Original post from Bryan at The WITNESS Blog

September 1, 2010 by crissy
Tags: b-listed, breakthrough, Bryan, gadget for good, Participatory Culture Foundation, subtitles, Universal Subtitles, video, WITNESS

photo courtesy of "1 a minute"

We received an email this morning about a great initiative and film based on the following staggering stats on breast cancer:

465,000 women die each year from breast cancer, which translates to one death every 69 seconds.

On Wednesday, October 6, to kick start Breast Cancer Awareness Month, and in partnership with Susan G. Komen for the Cure, UniGlobe Entertainment will unveil 1 a Minute, a breast cancer docudrama by Namrata Singh Gujral with the film’s global premiere in 527 theaters in the USA, followed by a rolling release across the globe. The international roll-out will include a theatrical release in India starting October 29th, with The Nargis Dutt Cancer Foundation as well as an Asia-wide initiative to raise awareness for breast cancer in a joint partnership with the National Commission for Women in India. This will be followed by Europe and Australia.

There will be a panel discussion before the premiere on Oct 6th, that will be broadcast LIVE from Los Angeles to movie theaters across the country drawing attention to issues women with breast cancer and their families face, while also highlighting the hopeful advancements made against the disease in recent years. Event panelists confirmed to date include Olivia Newton-John and Melissa Etheridge to name a few.  Along with the film’s premiere, there will also be a LIVE appeal to President Obama as well as other global leaders to come together as one world to make the cure for cancer a priority.

The film stars internationally celebrated women from various nations and backgrounds such as Jaclyn Smith (Charlie’s Angels), and more, including Priya Dutt, whose mother, the famous Bollywood star Nargis Dutt, died of cancer.  Speaking about the trust and the association, Priya Dutt said, “I am just fulfilling the dream that my parents had seen and started; to provide medical facility to our people in India to bring a smile to the patients and their family. Especially those families who cannot afford this specialized kind of treatment, that my father could give my mother…”

To learn more about the film and the screenings, click HERE.

September 1, 2010 by crissy
Tags: 1 a minute, b-activists, breakthrough, breast cancer, Namrata Singh Gujral, Nargis Dutt

In a matter a months we’re going to be in the middle of midterm elections.  Are you registered to vote? Because artist Ben Harper and band Thievery Corporation are — see what they say here:

photo courtesy of Headcount

Headcount, a group that gets musicians involved in spreading the importance of registering to vote, wants you to register and so do we!

August 31, 2010 by crissy
Tags: Add new tag, b-listed, because we found it, Ben Harper, breakthrough, Headcount, midterm elections, register to vote, Thievery Corporation

photo courtesy of Brave New Films

What is going on?

We received an email from our friends at Brave New Films and are shocked to say the least:

Today, on August 28th. forty-seven years ago, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous “I Have a Dream Speech” at the Lincoln Memorial. His message gave voice to the voiceless and his vision promoted a just, equal, diverse and compassionate country.

This year, a very different message is going to be spread from the very ground on which King once stood. Glenn Beck and Sarah Palin will hold a rally at the Lincoln Memorial.

The racist, raging and hate-filled tenor of Beck, Palin and the Tea Party movement is in direct contrast to the noble vision of Dr. King.  Watch here:

We cannot sit idly by and let King’s vision and legacy be hijacked for political purposes.

Take the pledge HERE that reads:   I will stand with Martin Luther King Jr.’s vision of a just, diverse and equal society. I do not stand with Glenn Beck and Sarah Palin and their attempt to destroy and distort King’s vision.

August 27, 2010 by crissy
Tags: b-listed, b-the change, breakthrough, Glenn Beck, hate, I have a dream, Martin Luther King Jr., Racism, racist, Sarah Palin

photo courtesy of Isaf Media, flickr.

Original post at Causecast by ERICA LIEPMANN, Causecast Associate Editor

According to the United Nations, an estimated 20 million people have been affected by the recent floods in Pakistan. Heavy monsoons caused rivers to overflow in approximately one fifth of the country, killing 1,400 people and leaving millions homeless and at-risk for disease.

Despite the scope of this humanitarian crisis, CNN reports the international response has been slow — especially in comparison with the massive donations given to help Haitian families in the wake of the January earthquake.

The upcoming weeks and months will be crucial to saving the lives of Pakistanis left without food, water, shelter and medicine. On HuffPost Impact, we’ve compiled a detailed list of the aid organizations working on the ground in Pakistan, how they are helping flood victims, and how you can support their efforts. Donate now!

UNICEF reports from Pakistan:

Original post at Causecast by ERICA LIEPMANN, Causecast Associate Editor

August 26, 2010 by crissy
Tags: b-listed, culture shockers, donate, Erica Liepmann, floods, humanitarian, Pakistan

photo courtesy of www.20000dialogues.org

The acts of terror on the World Trade Center that occurred nine years ago, made it clear that it is necessary to have cross-cultural dialogue. The continued elevated controversy over the so called “ground-zero mosque” is evidence that almost a decade since the 9/11 attacks we haven’t communicated, therefore, we haven’t grown. Unfortunately, many Americans still associate Muslims and Islam directly with terrorists. The Unity Productions Foundations has started  www.groundzerodialogue.org, a new website where you can view several of their award-winning PBS films online in their entirety speaking directly to the issues.

Films include: Talking through Walls: How the Struggle to Build a Mosque United a Community, Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet and Inside Islam: What a Billion Muslims Really Think. And with UPF’s “20,000 Dialogues,” project you can host your own dialogue and bring people of different faiths together to watch films on the issues and then afterward open it up for discussion, so that the voices and opinions of everyone can be heard.

There are 5 simple steps to hosting a dialogue:

1. Sign-up to host
2. Receive the FREE DVD of the film you’ve chosen
3. Download the dialogue packet and other resources
4. Watch the film and conduct the dialogue, using the dialogue packet as a guide
5. Evaluate the dialogue experience

And to expand the reach and the power of the films UPF is working with PBS stations around the country to rebroadcast these films.

A quote from the movie Muhammed: Legacy of a Prophet addresses a commonly wrongly made connection: “The acts of terror violence that have occurred in the name of Islam are not only wrong, they are contradictory to Islam.” The “20,000 Dialogues”project is important as it allows for people to discuss issues and to speak with Muslim members of their community. People can learn that majority of the Islamic community have a goal of peace and tolerance, with only a few extremists that are filled with hate, just as it is with other religions.

The great thing about America is that everyone is entitled to his or her own opinion, however it is important that it comes from a place of understanding and knowledge, rather than ignorance and hate.

Get informed and look at the issue at hand from both sides before you speak out.  To start your own dialogue please visit 20,000 Dialogues and sign up now.

August 25, 2010 by Yasemin
Tags: 9/11, b-listed, breakthrough, buddhist, catholic, christian, cross-culture, ground zero, Ground Zero mosque, hindu, intolerance, Islam, jewish, mosque, Muslim, Religion, September 11, The Unity Productions Foundations, tolerance, understanding, World Trade Center

Photo courtesy of bollyspice.com

Breakthrough had the pleasure of chatting with award-winning filmmaker Onir. He is most notable for directing and co-producing his first film, “My Brother Nikhil.” It was the first mainstream Hindi film specifically addressing homosexuality in the context of human rights and HIV/AIDS.

Breakthrough is a proud Co-Producer of a new series of films called “I AM” by Onir that bridge the gap between mainstream media and social issues.  With partial support from the United Nations Development Program, this series of four films features a cast and crew from both mainstream Bollywood and independent Indian cinema, setting award-winning Indian Director and Producer Onir apart from others.  The films will be making their highly anticipated North American premiere as the opening selection of the I VIEW Film Festival 2010 — (which Breakthrough is an Outreach and Promotional Sponsor) presented by the transnational arts and human rights organization, Engendered, at the Tribeca Film Center and Asia Society in New York City from September 18th-26th.

Read our interview with Onir below on “I AM” and filmmaking:

“I AM” happened because the stories were waiting for too long to be told. [Actor,] Sanjay Suri and I have been trying to make these films for some time now because we felt they were powerful untold stories. What motivates us is to make differentiated cinema and a brand of our own. The second reason for making “I AM” is that the act itself is an assertion of our being as filmmakers.

The themes “I AM” touch on are the stories of contemporary India: of a woman wanting motherhood, of someone’s loss of home and identity, about a man looking for a love- the love being that of another man, and a person battling to move on with the memories of an abused childhood.

Given the controversial subject matter addressed in these films, how have Indian audiences reacted to this film?

The audience in India is changing and slowly but surely venturing into new space. The reaction so far has been amazing. We hope to be able to release the film by the end of the year and see the multiplex audience come and see the film. This film has a dream cast for anyone who appreciates sensible mainstream cinema.

The subject might be controversial but the approach is not to shock but to get sympathy. My characters want to share their story so that you can love them and reach out to them. And I hope the audience feels that too.

This film has garnered major earned media coverage in both India and the United States. How important has the media been in promoting this film to a worldwide audience?

Media is important for creating the correct buzz especially where you do not have media net to buy publicity. What we have is our content, and we decided to go in for a different strategy. We show our film to the media and ask them to support us if they like the product. So it is in a way similar to how we made the film. The effort constantly is to include more people into the process.

You’ve really used social media such as Facebook and Twitter to post updates about the film. How has your social marketing been helpful?

I think social marketing has in a way created a certain awareness and buzz about the film. People know about it and all this has happened minus a PR agency and minus media net.

You used a very unique approach by allowing multiple people and entities to come on board as “Co-Producers” of the film by donating various amounts of money. Besides fundraising, what was the purpose of using this approach, and has it been successful?

This is a way to democratize cinema. Where you are letting your audience participate in the making process it is a way to demystify and empower them about what they see.  It’s not just raising finance but creating an active audience. Secondly, we also sourced talent through social networking sites.

Breakthrough is one of the “Co-Producers” of the film, and it is premiering in New York at Engendered’s I-View Film Festival. What kind of a platform is this for your film, and what are you hoping American audiences walk away with after watching your film?

Breakthrough has always been an important support for our films. I remember coming to Asia Society for the “My Brother Nikhil” screening. It was an extremely enriching experience. I am happy to have their support as Co-Producers once again.  I hope with this screening “I AM” can reach out to the mainstream American audience which only sees India as “Slum Dog…” “I AM” is modern contemporary urban India and this needs to be recognized. I also hope that the Diaspora audience, which usually keeps away from content-oriented, non-star casted films, show enough interest in this film so that it finds an American release even though it does not have any of the Khans.  For Indian cinema to grow we need the Indian audience outside to also reach out and support and create a demand for these films.

You’ve been a huge proponent of human rights in all of your filmmaking, especially with “My Brother Nikhil,” a film about an openly gay man in India contracting HIV. Do you feel that you, as a filmmaker, have a responsibility to make socially conscious films that push the envelope? And how do you balance that desire with making sure these films do well at the box office?

I think all kinds of films need to be made. And the inner need of a filmmaker should drive him. There are things that disturb me deeply and I feel the need to tell those stories and thats why I do it.  But everyone necessarily does not need to do so…. what is however important for everyone, especially those who sell out theaters, is not to propagate regressive behavior and values in the name of entertainment.

Cinema is obviously the medium you use to convey broader societal messages. What has been your greatest challenge in using this medium, and how did you overcome it while making “I AM?”

The greatest challenge for me has been to fight against the lack of progressive, out of the box thinking by production houses and distributors. Where art has no value and cinema is only popcorn.  I see a lack of passion for cinema by people who control the finances. And they use their lack of passion in the name of audience disinterest to slowly throttle creativity and progress.

You’ve used some Bollywood big names such as Juhi Chawla, Sanjay Suri, and Rahul Bose in “I AM.” Do you feel that the Indian film industry is becoming more supportive when it comes to making avant-garde, out-of-the-box films?

I think it’s too early to celebrate. Juhi , Rahul Bose and Sanjay Suri have been associated with sensible cinema for some time now. India film industry is going through a difficult phase and an especially difficult one for independent filmmakers.  Big stars do these films as long as they are still in the safe zone. I can’t think of anyone who would have played Jai of “Omar” or Abhimanyu of “Abhimanyu” apart from Rahul and Sanjay.  Studios pick up these films only when a big star is involved in the project or a big international film festival comes in. On their own they do not make these fims.

Can you tell us about any future projects you’re working on? Is there a specific issue you’d like to tackle in future projects?

I don’t choose issues and then start a film. I am a storyteller and stories interest me more than issues. Sometimes the stories have a certain issue, but the primary driving force is an untold story.

What is something readers would be surprised to know about you?

I love to dance, and I’m planning to learn salsa.

–

Come watch the premiere of “I AM” at the I VIEW Film Festival 2010, which is scheduled to screen over 25 features and documentaries. All screenings will be followed by discussions and panels with key cast members, film personalities, and academics to emphasize critical dialogue that is integral to the festival.

Also, be a part of “I AM” by becoming a proud co-owner.  More than 400 volunteers from over 35 cities around the world come together to make this film to be shot throughout 4 cities across India.

Interview by Jitin Hingorani

August 23, 2010 by Jitin
Tags: Abhimanyu, Add new tag, Asia Society, b-listed, bollywood, breakthrough, Engendered, Facebook, HIV/AIDS, homepage, homosexuality, human rights, I AM films, I VIEW Film Festival 2010, independent Indian cinema, Juhi Chawla, My Brother Nikhil, Omar, Onir, Rahul Bose, Sanjay Suri, social media, Tribeca Film Center, Twitter, UN Development Program, Yash Raj Film

photo courtesy of us-coin-values-advisor.com

From our Restore Fairness blog.

The 14th amendment, established in 1868 as a major gain from the Civil War, united a nation that was once half-slave and half-free. Today, some Republicans wish to revisit the debate of 1868 and revoke its notion of birthright citizenship in order to help prevent undocumented immigration. Instead of focusing on reforming the immigration system, these Republicans focus on punishing immigrants and Americans alike by altering an amendment that continues to carry so much of our national spirit.

The 14th amendment grants citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States.” It also forbids states from denying anyone “life, liberty or property, without due process of law” or “denying any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”

Senator Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) has led the proposal to debate the amendment, arguing that it induces undocumented immigration and the desire to have a baby to claim citizenship, calling such a baby by the derogatory term, “anchor baby.” Arizona’s Republican state Sen. Russell Pearce, the architect of SB 1070, agrees. He said, “When [the 14th Amendment] was ratified in 1868, the amendment had to do with African-Americans; it had nothing to do with aliens. It’s got to be fixed.”

Anti-immigration activists often claim that their real concern is to prevent law-breaking. But the Washington Post puts it best: “Revoking birthright citizenship would turn hundreds of thousands of infants into ‘criminals’ – arriving, not across a border, but crying in a [U.S.] hospital. A whole class of people would grow up knowing they are hunted aliens, through no fault of their own. This cannot be called the rule of law. It would be viciousness and prejudice on a grand scale.”

Even Lou Dobbs, known for an anti-immigration stance in many respects, spoke out against changing the 14th amendment.  ”I believe that the 14th amendment – particularly in its due process and equal protection clause – is so important; it lays the entire foundation for the Bill of Rights being applied.”

Defenders of the amendment say altering it would weaken a fundamental American value while doing little to deter immigration. In fact, immigration activists say that birthright citizenship is not even a significant driver of immigration, because a child has to reach age 21 to petition for permanent legal residency for his or her parents.

In even more charged reasoning, Rep. Louie Gohmert (R-TX) warned that birthright citizenship was a national security issue – involving a diabolical 30-year-long plot by some very patient terrorists. He said, “I talked to a retired FBI agent who said that one of the things they were looking at were terrorist cells overseas who had figured out how to game our system. And it appeared they would have young women, who became pregnant, would get them into the United States to have a baby… And then they would turn back where they could be raised and coddled as future terrorists. And then one day, twenty, thirty years down the road, they can be sent in to help destroy our way of life.”

If birthright citizenship was revoked on the premise of fearing terrorists, our nation would embark on an even uglier journey of racial profiling. Moreover, on a practical level, revoking the 14th Amendment would affect those Americans who “look immigrant”, leading to an ugly ladder of bureaucracy to prove citizenship.

Rep. Duncan D. Hunter (R-CA) has gone even further and said we should deport existing natural-born citizen children if their parents are illegal immigrants. This retroactive stripping of citizenship is completely unconstitutional.  ”We simply cannot afford what we’re doing right now. We’re not being mean. We’re just saying it takes more than walking across the border to become an American citizen.”

The solution – to criminalize millions of babies who are born in this country is unacceptable. Denying these babies the 14th Amendment is the same as denying African-American slaves the 14th Amendment 150 years ago. Abolishing the birthright to citizenship is a movement not about the legality of immigrants, but about the stripping away of human rights.

The real anachronism standing here is these senators who want to take us back to the times before the Civil War. When the president of FAIR said, “We should not allow language from 1868 enslave our thinking…in the 21st Century,” Masao Suzuki, writer for Fight Back News Service, urges us to respond by saying, “We are not going to be enslaved ever again.”

Graham’s notion to debate the 14th amendment had a mixed reception even from groups that back tougher enforcement of the nation’s border restriction. Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, for one, supports stronger enforcement and, yet, refuses to endorse Graham’s suggestion. Instead, he suggested looking into reports of businesses that help immigrants arrange to have babies in the U.S. in order to win their children U.S. citizenship. Many Democrats also refuse to endorse Graham’s suggestion, but they resist stronger enforcement as a solution, stressing the urgency for comprehensive immigration reform. While President Obama’s push for immigration reform is considered dead, some Democrats are pushing for a scaled-back bill to move this fall.

Given the controversial nature of Graham’s proposal, successfully amending the Constitution would be considered unlikely. Many understand that the 14th Amendment made the Constitution what it is today: a document that guarantees the equal rights of all Americans and to which individuals and groups who feel they are being denied equality can appeal. As the 19th-century Republican editor George William Curtis wrote how it was part of a process that changed the U.S. government from one “for white men” to one “for mankind.” Since the Reconstruction era, the amendment had not stopped short of protecting African-Americans. Those who lived during the civil rights era had sought its protection, as well. Even today, the Supreme Court has used it to expand the rights of aggrieved Americans, as it did in Lawrence v. Texas, which in 2003 overturned a state law criminalizing homosexual acts.

Birthright citizenship has continued to protect all sorts of people outside the legacy of slavery, thereby rejecting any claim that it is anachronistic and requires amending.

Learn.  Share.  Act.  Go to restorefairness.org

August 20, 2010 by Priya
Tags: 14th amendment, anchor babies, b-listed, birthright citizenship, breakthrough, civil war, constitutional rights, counterterrorism, Fight Back News Service, homepage, immigration reform, Lawrence v. Texas, Lou Dobbs, President Obama, racial profiling, Rep. Duncan D. Hunter, Rep. Louie Gohmert, Restore Fairness, Sen. Lindsey Graham, Sen. Mitch McConnell, Sen. Russell Pearce

photo courtesy of unicef.org

Bilaal Rajan is an incredible young adult from Canada, who has been making changes around the world since the age of 4.

He tackles one issue at a time, raising money through various fundraising opportunities. He started in 2001 at the very young age of 4, he sold clementines in his neighborhood where he raised $350 for victims affected by earthquakes that occurred in India. Over the following years he sold cookies, handmade crafts and raised funds in many different ways, including around 5 million dollars for various global causes like children with HIV/AIDS and the 2004 tsunami. He was the youngest fundraiser, advocate and spokesperson for UNICEF in 2003. By 2005 he became the National Child Representative, and an official ambassador for UNICEF Canada.

Bilaal has traveled across the globe to see the impact of his work in impoverished nations and to volunteer and help on-site. In 2009 he started an annual campaign called “The Barefoot Challenge” where he gets sponsored to walk around barefoot for a week and asks others to do the same. The purpose of this campaign is to understand the challenges faced by children in third world nations whom are too poor to buy shoes and to raise money for kids in those nations.

He is only 13 and has already done a lot to make positive changes in the world. He has even already published a book titled “Making Change: Tips From an Underage Overachiever.” The book is meant to inspire kids from all over to jump in and find a way to fund-raise for a cause that they care about and make a difference. Bilaal has said “Everyone has potential… I thought, what if we didn’t wait until we were adults? What if there was something for kids, written by another kid?”

Bilaal is even has his own blog “Wave’s of Change,” where he posts information on issues that matter to him and signs each post with the sentence “Together We Can Make A Difference.” He has already received several awards such as the Our world/Simms Award for outstanding youth in philanthropy, Barron Prize Honoree, J.D.Y. Hickman Award, “Top 20 Under 20″ recipient for outstanding efforts in philanthropy and several more. His success is only growing as he learns more and he will continue to raise millions for charity. He is a young adult who has already changed lives all around the world.

Bilaal, thanks for being an amazing role model!

August 19, 2010 by Yasemin
Tags: award, b-listed, bilaal rajan, blog, breakthrough, Canada, fundraising, india, making changes, the barefoot challenge, together we can make a difference, UNICEF, wave's of change, young adult

Photo courtesy of hidingdivya.com

“A daughter who vowed never to return home is forced to confront her past and to discover that some family secrects shouldn’t remain hidden.”

Breakthrough is pleased to spotlight Hiding Divya, a film in which writer/director Rehana Mirza tackles the taboo of mental illness in the South Asian American community. People throughout the world struggle with the disgrace of a family member who suffers from emotional instability. In the South Asian community, cultural expectations and misguided prejudices can tear apart families and can often bar the mentally ill from gaining proper medical treatment.

Hiding Divya provides a rare, realistic and poignant glimpse into the lives of three generations of women - Divya Shah (Madhur Jaffrey) whose bipolar illness has been denied and covered up for years; her rebellious daughter, Linny (Pooja Kumar), who ran away from home as an unwed teen; and Linny’s 16-year-old daughter, Jia (Madelaine Massey), whose emotional turmoil is buried under a veil of secrecy. Combining the deft humor of Mirza’s award winning shorts with the philosophical twists of her acclaimed theatre plays, the film tells a story of denial, shame, guilt and love.

Shot in New York City and New Jersey and inspired by true stories, the English-language drama is the debut feature from sister filmmakers Rehana Mirza (writer/director) and Rohi Mirza Pandya (producer). The soundtrack features works by established artists such as DJ Rekha and several emerging South Asian musicians, including two original songs composed by Samrat Chakrabarti - “Lost” (performed by Meetu Chilana) and “Help Me to Find” (performed by Manu Narayan).

Hiding Divya opens in limited release in selected markets across the U.S. on August 20.

Buy your ticket today.

Check the list for cinema locations and special opening weekend events, such as a Q&A with the writer/director and the cast following select show times of the film.

To find out more check out Hiding Divya’s website and facebook page.

August 18, 2010 by Priya
Tags: b-listed, bipolar illness, breakthrough, DJ Rekha, emotional instability, Hiding Divya, Madelaine Massey, Madhur Jaffrey, mental illness, Pooja Kumar, prejudice, Rehana Mirza, Rohi Mirza Pandya, social stigma, South Asian Americans